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2_programmation:macros:que_sont_les_macros [2018/06/03 13:33]
samcarter 		2_programmation:macros:que_sont_les_macros [2018/12/03 23:30]
jejust
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---- +====== What are (TeX) macros ======
-title: What are (TeX) macros +
-category: concepts +
-permalink: /FAQ-whatmacros +
-date: 2014-06-10 +
----+
  
-TeX is a _macro processor_: this is a computer-science-y term+ 
 +TeX is a //macro processor//: this is a computer-science-y term
 meaning "text expander" (more or less); TeX typesets text as it meaning "text expander" (more or less); TeX typesets text as it
-goes along, but _expands_ each macro it finds.  TeX's macros+goes along, but //expands// each macro it finds.  TeX's macros
 may include instructions to TeX itself, on top of the simple text may include instructions to TeX itself, on top of the simple text
 generation one might expect. generation one might expect.
  
-Macros are a _good thing_, since they allow the user to+Macros are a //good thing//, since they allow the user to
 manipulate documents according to context.  For example, the macro manipulate documents according to context.  For example, the macro
-`\TeX` is usually defined to produce "TEX" with the "E" lowered+''\TeX'' is usually defined to produce "TEX" with the "E" lowered
 (the original idea was Knuth's), (the original idea was Knuth's),
 but in these FAQs the default definition of the macro is but in these FAQs the default definition of the macro is
-overridden, and it simply expands to the letters "TeX".  (_You_+overridden, and it simply expands to the letters "TeX".  (//You//
 may not think this a good thing, but the author of the macros has his may not think this a good thing, but the author of the macros has his
-reasons – see [TeX-related logos](FAQ-logos).)+reasons -- see [[FAQ-logos|TeX-related logos]].)
  
-Macro names are conventionally built from a `\`+Macro names are conventionally built from a ''\''
 followed by a sequence of letters, which may be upper or lower case followed by a sequence of letters, which may be upper or lower case
-(as in `\TeX`, mentioned above).  They may also be  +(as in ''\TeX'', mentioned above).  They may also be  
-`<any single character>`, which allows all+''<any single character>'', which allows all
 sorts of oddities (many built in to most TeX macro sets, all the sorts of oddities (many built in to most TeX macro sets, all the
-way up from the apparently simple `\ ` meaning "insert a space+way up from the apparently simple ''\ '' meaning "insert a space
 here"). here").
  
 Macro programming can be a complicated business, but at their very Macro programming can be a complicated business, but at their very
-simplest they need little introduction&nbsp;&mdash; you'll hardly need to be+simplest they need little introduction --- you'll hardly need to be
 told that: told that:
-```latex+ 
 +<code latex>
 \def\foo{bar} \def\foo{bar}
-``` +</code> 
-replaces each instance of `\foo` with the text "bar".  The +replaces each instance of ''\foo'' with the text "bar".  The 
-command `\def` is Plain TeX syntax for defining commands; +command ''\def'' is Plain TeX syntax for defining commands; 
-LaTeX offers a macro `\newcommand` that goes some way towards+LaTeX offers a macro ''\newcommand'' that goes some way towards
 protecting users from themselves, but basically does the same thing: protecting users from themselves, but basically does the same thing:
-```latex+ 
 +<code latex>
 \newcommand{\foo}{bar} \newcommand{\foo}{bar}
-```+</code>
 Macros may have "arguments" , which are used to substitute for marked Macros may have "arguments" , which are used to substitute for marked
 bits of the macro expansion: bits of the macro expansion:
-```latex+ 
 +<code latex>
 \def\foo#1{This is a #1 bar} \def\foo#1{This is a #1 bar}
 ... ...
 \foo{2/4}. \foo{2/4}.
-```+</code>
 which produces: which produces:
   This is a 2/4 bar.   This is a 2/4 bar.
 or, in LaTeX speak: or, in LaTeX speak:
-```latex+ 
 +<code latex>
 \newcommand{\foo}[1]{This is a #1 bar} \newcommand{\foo}[1]{This is a #1 bar}
 ... ...
 \foo{3/4}. \foo{3/4}.
-```+</code>
 which produces: which produces:
   This is 3/4 bar.   This is 3/4 bar.
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 You will have noticed that the arguments, above, were enclosed in You will have noticed that the arguments, above, were enclosed in
-braces (`{`&hellip;`}`); this is the+braces (''{''...''}''); this is the
 normal way of typing arguments, though TeX is enormously flexible, normal way of typing arguments, though TeX is enormously flexible,
 and you may find all sorts of other ways of passing arguments (if you and you may find all sorts of other ways of passing arguments (if you
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 Macro writing can get very complicated, very quickly.  If you are a Macro writing can get very complicated, very quickly.  If you are a
 beginner (La)TeX programmer, you are well advised to read something beginner (La)TeX programmer, you are well advised to read something
-along the lines of the [TeXbook](FAQ-tex-books); once you're under +along the lines of the [[FAQ-tex-books|TeXbook]]; once you're under 
-way, [TeX by Topic](FAQ-ol-books) is possibly a more satisfactory+way, [[FAQ-ol-books|TeX by Topic]] is possibly a more satisfactory
 choice.  Rather a lot of the answers in these FAQs tell you choice.  Rather a lot of the answers in these FAQs tell you
 about various issues of how to write macros. about various issues of how to write macros.
  
 +
 +-----
 +
 +//Source:// [[faquk>FAQ-whatmacros|What are (TeX) macros]]
 +
 +{{htmlmetatags>metatag-keywords=(LaTeX,concepts)
 +metatag-og:title=(What are (TeX) macros)
 +metatag-og:site_name=(FAQ LaTeX francophone)
 +}}
  
2_programmation/macros/que_sont_les_macros.txt · Dernière modification: 2021/10/21 08:27 de bdumont
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